单项选择正确把握语境消除思维定势解题技巧
2023-05-29 13:52:44
单项选择正确把握语境消除思维定势解题技巧
（一）查看有无连词
1. If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, ______means many more people in the world can enjoy it.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
若经查实，前后的确是两个句子，就要看其中一个分句是否已经用了连词。若已经用了连词，一般不选连词，若没有用连词，就一定要选连词。此题已有连词If，选D，若没有If，就选B， which引导一个非限制性定语从句。
（二）识别相似句型
2. ______is known to everybody, light travels much faster than sound.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
有的句型十分相似，若不仔细分辨，很容易出错。2题选B，as引导一个非限定性定语从句，先行词是后面整个句子。
（三）正确把握语境
3. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
有时孤立地看留空格的那个句子，好象多个答案都可以，但与上下句的意思联系起来，就会发现问题。因此，做题时一定要把握语境。此题答案选A。B答案的意思是I don’t agree with anything 等于I agree with nothing.这就与前一分句的意思发生矛盾了。
（四）注意标点符号4. There are eight tips in Dr. Roger’s lecture on sleep, and one of them is:______ to bed early unless you think it is necessary.(重庆)
A. doesn’t go B. not to go C. not going D. don’t go
标点有时对我们作题有提示的作用。此题很容易选B,认为是不定式做表语。其实冒号已经表明后面是Dr.Roger讲的原话，这原话应当是个句子，只有选D才构成一个否定的祈使句。
（五）熟记固定搭配
5. Mr. Smith used to smoke ______ but he has given it up.(天津)
A. seriously B. heavily C. badly D. hardly
在平时的学习中注意积累一些常见的固定句式、动词与副词的搭配、名词和形容词的搭配等。因为指烟瘾或酒瘾很重，要用heavy或heavily ，因此答案是B。此外，雨雪下得“大”、烟雾“浓”、交通“拥挤”、波涛“汹涌”等，也用heavy。
（六）消除思维定势
6.Everyone here will thank the firefighter for the things they have done to prevent fires______ the environment safer.
A. make B. to making C. to make D. from making
有些试题的题干，看上去好象就是固定搭配，我们高兴地完成以后，结果却做错了。要从句子结构上或者句子意思上分析，以免步入命题者设计的陷阱。此题容易误选D，以为是考查prevent sb. /sth. from doing 这一固定搭配的。其实，“使环境更安全”是“他们为防火所做的工作”的目的，所以用动词不定式，选C。
（七）检查有无谓语
7.He wrote five novels, two of ______translated into English.
A. it B. them C. which D. that
有时看似有两个句子，于是就选连词，正好掉进命题人设计的陷阱。事实上，有时貌似句子的“句子”却没有谓语，其中的动词只是一个非谓语动词（多为分词）。此题很容易误选C，以为后面是非限制性定语从句。事实上， translated是过去分词，而不是谓语动词，后面不是句子，无须连词，所以答案是B。若在translated前加上were，were translated就是谓语，这时就选连词which。
One rainy afternoon Jessecia __1__(seat) on the stairs of a temple in Nepal, before which lay a muddy square. People __2__(have)to walk on an artificial path made by a line of bricks __3__(get) to the other side. A friend of __4__ complained all the way while __5__(step) on the bricks walking towards her. Looking around her friend said extremely impatiently, “Disgusting indeed！What if I fall into the dirty water?” Since he was her acquaintance, she __6__(nod) cautiously, hoping to comfort him by her silent sympathy.
A few minutes later another friend turned __7__ at the same scene. She walked on the same brick path dancing briskly and singing merrily, “Jump, jump, jump!” until she reached the dirty ground. She couldn't help shouting. “__8__ fun it is!” Eyes beaming with joy, she __9__(make) the remarks. “The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is __10__ one can entirely be free from dust.”
French and American doctors have done an operation together in which the doctors were outside the operating room. This kind of operation __1__(know) as a robotic operation. Doctor Marescaux did the operation in __2__ office in New York City last month. However, a sixtyyearold woman patient was in a hospital in Strasbourg, France.
Two doctors in Strasbourg got the patient ready. They __3__(place) medical tools and a small video camera in her stomach. Meanwhile, Doctor Marescaux in New York watched her on a video screen and then sent messages to the robot machine __4__ the computer. The robot __5__(move) the tools that cut the woman's gall bladder away. Shortly after the operation, the woman made a full recovery and left the hospital two days later.
Doctors hold the belief __6__ such a robotic operation will make safer and better operations in the future and will improve doctor training as well. __7__, it will also mean that doctors could do an operation on people in __8__(danger) places far away.More importantly, people could have operations __9__(do) by top doctors without having to travel to the city __10__ the doctors work.
